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ROMA MÜZELERİ & ÖREN YERLERİ .2 ( ingilizce )
Museums walkabout ( ROMA )
MUSEI CAPITOLINI It is considered to be the oldest national museum in the world; the return of these works – a sign of Rome’s former grandeur – to the people of the city, therefore made it acquire a higher symbolic value, in so far as the Campidoglio had always been the centre of the religious life of ancient Rome and, after a long period of neglect, it became the seat of the civil courts in the Middle Ages. These culptures were at first placed on the façade and in the courtyard of the Palazzo dei Conservatori and, subsequently, many works from excavation campaigns came to be part of the collection, including the statue of Hercules in gilded bronze found in the Foro Boario, fragments of the colossal statue of Constantine originally placed in the Basilica of Maxentius in the Roman Forum, the three panels in relief with the exploits of Marcus Aurelius which were moved in 1515 from the church of Saints Luca and Martina to the Forum and the so-called Bruto Capitolino. The original historical nature of the Capitoline collection was interrupted, however, in 1566, when Pope Pius V, who wanted to remove all the images of pagan idols from the Vatican, donated over 140 ancient statues to the Campidoglio, transforming the museum into a large collection of classical sculpture. In 1654 the construction of the Palazzo Nuovo - as part of Michelangelo’s brilliant plan for the restoration of the whole square - permitted the transfer of many statues. In 1733 other collections were added, these were, the collection of Cardinal Albani which included statues and portraits and this allowed Pope Clement XII to inaugurate the Capitoline Museum in 1734. During this period numerous other statues became part of the Capitoline collections including the Capitonline Venus, the Roman copy of the Hellenistic original based on the Venus of Cnodis (II century B.C.), the Faun in ancient red, the Centaurs and the mosaic of a dove from Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli, as well as the statue of the Dying Gaul. A large increase in the number of works came after 1870 with the finds from the excavations carried out for the creation of new districts in the City of Rome, with the Castellani donation of Greek, Etruscan and Italic vases, the Cini donation of porcelain and the creation of the Capitoline collection of medals. It is possible to go from the Palazzo Nuovo to the Tabelurium through an underground tunnel which runs under the square. The Tabularium is the ancient public archive of the people of Rome which, with its great monumental arches, overlooks the Roman Forum and here it is possible to visit the ruins of the temple of Veio which is part of the foundations of the Palazzo Senatorio. Continuing on this tour, one reaches the Palazzo dei Conservatori, by crossing through a large courtyard thathouses important ancient sculptures including fragments of the huge statue of the emperor Constantine described beforehand and reliefs representing arms and the conquered provinces which come from the Temple of the divine Hadrian in Piazza di Pietra; the grand staircase leads to the first floor where the original nucleus of the building is situated, here there are rooms decorated with frescoes like that of Orazi and Curiazi and this is where the series depicting the legendary origins of Rome painted by Cavalier D’Arpino and his pupils between 1595 and 1640 is located. Besides the many statues present in the Palazzo dei Conservatori - apart from those already mentioned of the She-Wolf, the Spinario, the Camillo and the Bruto Capitolino – there is also the marble statue of Pope Urban VIII Barberini, sculpted according to Bernini’s design (1640), the bronze statue of Pope Innocent X Pamphili, sculpted by Algardi 1645-1650) and the bust of the emperor Commodo in an imitation of Hercules with his head covered by a lion’s skin, a club in his right hand and the pommels of the Hesperides in his left, placed between the busts of two Tritons; the group was found in the area of the Horti Lamiani on the Esquiline and dates from the end of II century A.D. Address: Piazza del Campidoglio Telephone 060608 Fax 06 6785488 Visiting Hours: Every day from 9 am to 8 pm. Closed on Mondays, Dec. 25, Jan. 1,
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The Ara Pacis represents one of the highest examples of classic art. The Senate decided to build an altar to Peace dedicated to Augustus, upon its return from Gaul and from Spain where, in the course of three years, he had consolidated the power of Rome and his own power, he had opened new ways and founded colonies. The altar was built along the via Flaminia, at the border with the northernmost part of the Field of Mars, but the alluvial soil of the area and the floods of the Tiber caused the burial of the Ara, of which no memory was left. The rebuilding of the monument was decided in 1937/38 in the bimillenary of Augustus birth. It was given to archaeologist Giuseppe Moretti and was realized in the summer of 1938 inside the pavillion of via di Ripetta, hurriedly built from a project by Ballio Morpurgo. Due to the location on the banks of the Tiber, the Ara Pacis risked to be destroyed by the inappropriateness of its container that could not protect it from traffic, exhaust fumes, overheating, humidity and greasy and acidic dust that deposited all over its surface. The new complex has been for this reason planned to preserve the monument in accordance with the most up to date conservation criteria.
Visiting Hours: Every day from 9 am to 8 pm. Closed on Mondays, Dec. 25, Jan. 1 Price: € 6,50; reduced € 4,50; Telephone:
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GALLERIA BORGHESE The splendid small palace that hosts the Borghese Gallery was built at the beginning of the seventeenth century as the private residence and for public representation of the Borghese family.From the very beginning it housed the collection of cardinal Scipio (1579-1633), nephew of Pope Paul the Fifth Borghese. The picture-gallery had already been transferred there in 1615 and in 1625 about two hundred pieces of ancient sculptures were also transferred there. The original core of the collection testifies cardinal Scipio’s deep interest in antiquity, classicism, and the innovative artistic currents of the time, excluding Medieval art. The collection was increased in the course of time through confiscations, donations, and purchases and was further enriched at the end of the seventeenth century by the inheritance of Olimpia Aldobrandini. In 1807 prince Camillo Borghese, husband of Paolina Bonapart, had to hand over to Napoleon much of the archaeological collection (154 statues, 160 busts, 170 bass-riliefs, 30 columns, and several vases that today constitute the Borghese Fund at Louvre in Paris). In 1902 the Italian State purchased the rest of the collection and thepalace. A long restoration has given back the original white marble color to the façade and rebuilt the external double-flight staircase according to the original design. Currently the collection consists of sculptures, bass-riliefs, and ancient mosaics, sixteenth-seventeenth century paintings, and sculptures. They include masterpieces by Antonello da Messina, Giovanni Bellini, Perugino, Pinturicchio, Veronese, Raphael (Deposition), Domenichino (Diana’s hunt), Titian (Sacred and profane love, Venus blindfolding Love), Correggio (Danae), Caravaggio (Youth with a fruit basket, the Madonna of the footmen, David with Goliath’s head), Rubens (Pietà) and magnificent sculptures by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (Apollo and Daphne, the Rape of Proserpina, David) and Canova (Paolina Borghese). Visiting Hours: Every day from 9 am to 7 pm. Closed on Mondays, Dec. 25, Jan. 1 Web site: Galleriaborghese
MUSEI VATICANI In 1822 the New Wing was opened. The Etruscan Gregorian Museum was opened in 1837 and the Gregorian Egyptian Museum in 1839, the Profane Lateran Museum (now the Gregorian Profane Museum) in 1844 and successively the Pious Christian Museum, all under Gregory the Sixteenth. In the first decades of the twentieth century the Ethnological Missionary Museum was set up and the Picture-gallery was opened to the public. In 1973 Paul the Sixth inaugurates the Historical Museum and the Collection of Modern Religious Art.Clementine Pious Museum – It collects specimens of ancient sculptures such as the Apollo of Belvedere (130-140 AD), the Laocoon Group (first century AD), the Apollo Sauroktonos and the Venus Cnydia, the colossal Head of Jupiter. Of particular interest are the two porphyry sarcophagi of Constance and Saint Helen, respectively daughter and mother of Constantine. Chiaramonti Museum – It hosts several Roman sculptures, such as the statue of Ganymede, a colossal head of Athena, a portrait of Tiberius, a relief with the Three Graces (first century AD). Many Pagan and Christian inscriptions are exhibited in the Galleria Lapidaria, and statues such as the Wounded Amazon, the Spearman, the enormous statue of the Nile, and the Augustus from Prima Porta are exhibited in the New Wing.Etruscan Gregorian Museum – It contains several findings coming mainly from nineteenth century excavations performed in Southern Etruria, such as the trousseau of the Regolini-Galassi tomb. The exhibition includes sarcophagi and a rich collection of Greek, Italiot, and Etruscan vases. Of particular interest is the bilingual sepulchral stele of Todi with a double inscription in Latinand in Gallic (second century BC). Egyptian Gregorian Museum – It was conceived by father Ungarelli, one of the first Italian Egyptologists, and collects a series of statues representing divinities or personalities of the Royal family, such as the mother and sister of Ramses the Second, sarcophagi, mummies, and elements of the funerary furnishings. Also the statue decoration of the serapeum at Villa Adriana in Tivoli has been reconstructed. Profane Gregorian Museum – It exhibits Greek and Roman sculptures such as three fragments of the Parthenon in Athens, the Head of Athena (460 BC), the Altar of the Vicomagistri (first century AD) and two great reliefs representing the Arrival of Vespasianin Rome and the Departure of Domitian. It also includes sarcophagi decorated with mythological subjects the group of Athena and Marsia stands out from the bronze copies. Christian Pious Museum – It collects materials coming from the excavations of the Roman catacombs, several sarcophagi (third-fifth century AD), one of which is a copy of the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, and the statue of the Good Shepherd (third century AD). Ethnological Missionary Museum – It documents the religious events and the cults of other continents. Of particular relevance are the fifteenth century Aztec sculptures, the Indian sculptures of Hinduist gods, the ritual masks from Oceania and Africa. Collection of Modern Religious Art – Partly set up in the rooms of the Borgia Apartment, decorated by Pinturicchio, it exhibits works by Rosai, Boccioni, Balla, De Chirico, Guttuso, and Manzù. Upper Galleries – The Gallery of Candelabra collects archaeological material of the Roman Age, such as the sculpture group of Ganymede and the Eagle (second century AD) and the statue of Artemis. The Gallery of Tapestries exhibits tapestries of sixteenth century Flemish and seventeenth century Roman manufacture. The Gallery of Geographic Maps exhibits 40 panels dedicated to the territory of Italy made in 1580-83. Vatican Library Museum – It hosts several testimonies of sacred art: the Hall of the Aldobrandini Wedding with frescoes of the Roman Age, the Hall of Papyri with gilded glasses of the early Christian Age, the Sistine Hall with frescoes by Cesare Nebbia and other artists, the Pauline Halls, the Alexandrine Hall, and the Clementine Gallery with sketches by Bernini. Picture Gallery – It keeps works datable from the twelfth to the eighteenth century, realized by Pietro Lorenzetti, Simone Martini, Giotto, Beato Angelico, Masolino da Panicale, Filippo Lippi, Perugino, Pinturicchio, Tiziano, Paolo Veronese, Giulio Romano, Ludovico Carracci, Caravaggio, Poussin, G. Reni, Guercino, and O.Gentileschi. Clay models used by Bernini for his sculptures of the Chapel of the Sacrament and for Saint Peter’s Chair and 10 tapestries manufactured in Brussels designed by Raphael are also exhibited. Address: Viale Vaticano, 100 [ centra sulla mappa ],Visiting Hours Musei Vaticani - Cappella Sistina: from 8.30 am to 6 pm last entrance 4 pm Museo Storico Vaticano: 9.00 - 10.00 - 11.00 - 12.00 Price:€ 14,00, Reduced:€ 8,00 Open the last Sunday of every month from 8.30 am to 14 pm last entrance 15 Aug, Nov. 1, Dec. 8-25-26 -Telephone: 0039 06 69884947 - 69884676 info - 6982 -Internet: Museum Vatican
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MUSEI CAPITOLINI It is considered to be the oldest national museum in the world; the return of these works – a sign of Rome’s former grandeur –to the people of the city, therefore made it acquire a higher symbolic value, in so far as the Campidoglio had always been the centre of the religious life of ancient Rome and, after a long period of neglect, it became the seat of the civil courts in the Middle Ages. These sculptures were at first placed on the façade and in the courtyard of the Palazzo dei Conservatori and, subsequently, many works from excavation campaigns came to be part of the collection, including the statue of Hercules in gilded bronze found in the Foro Boario, fragments of the colossal statue of Constantine originally placed in the Basilica of Maxentius in the Roman Forum, the three panels in relief with the exploits of Marcus Aurelius which were moved in 1515 from the church of Saints Luca and Martina to the Forum and the so-called Bruto Capitolino. The original historical nature of the Capitoline collection was interrupted, however, in 1566, when Pope Pius V, who wanted to remove all the images of pagan idols from the Vatican, donated over 140 ancient statues to the Campidoglio, transforming the museum into a large collection of classical sculpture. In 1654 the construction of the Palazzo Nuovo - as part of Michelangelo’s brilliant plan for the restoration of the whole square - permitted the transfer of many statues. In1733 other collections were added, these were, the collection of Cardinal Albani which included statues and portraits and this allowed Pope Clement XII to inaugurate the Capitoline Museum in 1734. During this period numerous other statues became part of the Capitoline collections including the Capitonline Venus, the Roman copy of the Hellenistic original based on the Venus of Cnodis (II century B.C.), the Faun in ancient red, the Centaurs and the mosaic of a dove from Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli, as well as the statue of the Dying Gaul. A large increase in the number of works came after 1870 with the finds from the excavations carried out for the creation of new districts in the City of Rome, with the Castellani donation of Greek, Etruscan and Italic vases, the Cini donation of porcelain and the creation of the Capitoline collection of medals. It is possible to go from the Palazzo Nuovo to the Tabelurium through an underground tunnel which runs under the square. The Tabularium is the ancient public archive of the people of Rome which, with its great monumental arches, overlooks the Roman Forum and here it is possible to visit the ruins of the temple of Veio which is part of the foundations of the Palazzo Senatorio. Continuing on this tour, one reaches the Palazzo dei Conservatori, by crossing through a large courtyard that houses important ancient sculptures including fragments of the huge statue of the emperor Constantine described beforehand and reliefs representing arms and the conquered provinces which come from the Temple of the divine Hadrian in Piazza di Pietra; the grand staircase leads to the first floor where the original nucleus of the building is situated, here there are rooms decorated with frescoes like that of Orazi and Curiazi and this is where the series depicting the legendary origins of Rome painted by Cavalier D’Arpino and his pupils between 1595 and 1640 is located. Besides the many statues present in the Palazzo dei Conservatori - apart from those already mentioned of the She-Wolf, the Spinario, the Camillo and the Bruto Capitolino – there is also the marble statue of Pope Urban VIII Barberini, sculpted according to Bernini’s design (1640), the bronze statue of Pope Innocent X Pamphili, sculpted by Algardi (1645-1650) and the bust of the emperor Commodo in an imitation of Hercules with his head covered by a lion’s skin, a club in his right hand and the pommels of the Hesperides in his left, placed between the busts of two Tritons; the group was found in the area of the Horti Lamiani on the Esquiline and dates from the end of II century A.D. Pinacoteca The first nucleus of the Capitoline Pinacoteca originated from the purchase of the collections of paintings of the Sacchetti (1748) and Pio of Savoia (1750) families during the papacy of Benedict XIV; it comprised about three hundred paintings which were collected for two reasons: to avoid the dispersion of the collections on the antiques market and to encourage the study of the works themselves by students of the “Scuola del Nudo” of the Academy of San Luca housed in a hall in the Palazzo dei Conservatori. The Capitoline Pinacoteca, which was newly opened to the public in 1999, now offers a completely renewed tour in chronological order that goes from paintings from the late Middle Ages to those of the eighteenth-century: the main nucleus of the collection is composed of works from the Venetian and Ferrarese school, among which the Baptism of Christ by Tiziano, the Rape of Europe by Veronese, l’Annunciation of Garofalo and the Holy Family by Dosso Dossi stand. Two masterpieces by Caravaggio stand out in the collection (San Giovannino and the Buona Ventura), as well as the mythological series (Rape of the Sabine Women, Sacrifice of Polissena, Triumph of Bacchus) painted by Pietro da Cortona for the Sacchetti family. There is also an interesting group of works by Guido Reni including the youthful portrait of San Sebastiano and the paintings of artistic maturity portraying Cleopatra, Lucrezia, the Fanciulla con Corona and the Anima Beata. The monumental Pala di Santa Petronilla painted by Guercino between 1622 and 1623 for an altar at St. Peter’s, which was commissioned by Pope Gregory XV is placed in the hall built in 1752 which was part of the initial expansion of the Capitolina pinacoteca. Among the works by foreign artists, there are featured the painting of Romulus and Remus suckled by the she-wolf by Rubens and collaborators (1617- 1618), the allegories by Vouet, the portraits by Van Dyck (1627-1629) and Velazquez (1630). Musei Capitolini Address: Piazza del Campidoglio Visiting Hours: Every day from 9 am to 8 pm. Closed on Mondays, Dec. 25, Jan. 1, Price: +39 060608 Fax 06 6785488 -Internet: Museicapitolini
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